Advancing Space Debris Protection with Fiber-Metal Laminates (FML)

2026-07-22

This research project, SPACE-FML-PROTECTION, focuses on the creation of new fiber-metal laminates (FML) to improve spacecraft protection against hypervelocity impacts (HVI). The project focuses on improving the performance of traditional monolithic aluminum bumpers while maintaining the same overall thickness and weight. To do so, it will investigate the use of aluminum alloys combined with high-performance fibers such as Xtegra® fabrics, which exhibit auxetic properties. These fabrics will be arranged in an optimized layer sequence within the FML structure to minimize dispersion and improve energy absorption during impact. To ensure the success of the project, advanced numerical simulations using a hybrid Finite Element Method-Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (FEM-SPH) framework will be employed to model and analyze the behavior of the FMLs under HVI conditions. Experimental validation will be carried out using a gas gun and a hypervelocity impact facility to validate the numerical models and optimize the FML designs. The results will be used to develop a ballistic limit equation to predict the critical debris size that the armor can withstand. In addition, a whole life cycle assessment (LCA) will be conducted to evaluate the environmental impact of new FMLs compared to existing shielding systems. This multidisciplinary approach is expected to result in a new generation of lightweight and effective shielding materials for spacecraft, improving their protection from space debris while minimizing environmental impact. The results of the project will have important implications for the aerospace industry, potentially reducing manufacturing costs and improving the safety and longevity of space missions.

Spain

2025-10-01