Iberian Peninsula Power Grid Blackout

under investigation

A large portion of the Iberian Peninsula's power delivery system went offline for over 10 hours on April 28th, 2025, causing a major blackout in Spain and Portugal. The blackout was caused by a series of events including stressed grid conditions, voltage surges, frequency oscillations, failure of fossil-fueled power plants to provide reactive power, malfunctioning automatic voltage control systems, and cascading loss of generation units. The frequency dropped to a critical point causing the interconnection with the French power grid to open to protect the EU grid. The event highlighted the need for grid modernization, more energy storage, and additional power electronics.