Mumbai Flood Mitigation and Urban Development

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The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) is investing significantly in flood mitigation efforts including river rejuvenation, floodwater pumps, hazard mapping, and private weather services. However, simultaneous infrastructure and real estate projects are expanding concrete cover, increasing stormwater runoff without adequate flood mitigation measures. Redevelopment is adding around 344 million square feet of built-up area, exacerbating flood risks. The BMC has proposed measures like permeable pavements and sponge parks to increase permeable surfaces by 40% by 2030, and plans to expand green infrastructure such as retention basins, wetlands, and parks. Experts suggest combining structural and non-structural flood mitigation measures with nature-based solutions, including underground water storage tanks in new developments.