Rincon Lithium

pending

IFC is considering a loan to support the construction and operation of the Salar del Rincon Project (the "Project"), a greenfield ~53ktpa battery-grade lithium carbonate mine to be developed in the Salar del Rincón (the “Salar”), a salt pan located in the province of Salta, in the Puna Region of Argentina, by Rio Tinto (the “Sponsor”). The sponsor will implement the project through its wholly owned indirect subsidiary, Rincon Mining Pty (“Rincon” or the “Borrower”). The project is located at approximately 3,725 meters above sea level, in the hydrographic basin of the Salar del Rincón, in the Los Andes department, in the province of Salta, and covers a total of 829 km2. The project is located approximately 150 km west of San Antonio de los Cobres (departmental capital) and 270 km from the city of Salta (provincial capital). Catua (approximately 750 inhabitants) is the closest residential area to the project (approximately 17 km to the northwest) and is in the department of Susques, province of Jujuy. Within the province of Salta, the nearest residential areas are Olacapato (approximately 300 inhabitants), approximately 56 km west of the project, and Salar de Pocitos Station (approximately 70 inhabitants), 46 km south of the project. In addition, there are 153 identified dispersed rural dwellings or hamlets ("puestos"), 34 of which are within the area of influence of the project, with only 23 known to be actively used, (within the territories of Catua, Estación Salar de Pocitos, and Olacapato). The project is located close to International Route 51, which leads from Salta City to the Sico Pass to Chile (to the west). The Salar del Rincón basin is in the Central Andean dry puna ecoregion (WWF), within a Legally Protected Area (LPA), Los Andes Nature Wildlife Reserve (IUCN cat VI). The project area is characterized by a salar nucleus situated at the centre of the basin, surrounded by extensive alluvial fans, colluvial deposits, and low-permeability bedrock. Precipitation is highly seasonal, and evaporation rates significantly exceed precipitation. The Rincón basin functions as a hydrological endorheic system, with groundwater recharge approximately balanced by evaporation losses and absence of surface water outflows.It is proposed that wellfields will be installed in the salar and in the Catua Alluvial Fan to abstract lithium-bearing brine from aquifers in the salar's closed basin and raw (brackish) water, respectively. Spent brine will be managed utilizing a Spent Brine Disposal Facility (SBDF), where the spent brine will either naturally evaporate or infiltrate into the underlying sediments. The extracted brine will be processed by an ion adsorption technique (generically known as direct lithium extraction or ‘DLE’) to remove lithium for further concentration, leading to the lithium carbonate (LC) product. The project is expected to have a mine life of at least 40 years, through the installation of two production plants (stages 1 and 2) of 25 thousand tonnes per year (ktpa) each, with a final production capacity of 50 ktpa in a single manufacturing complex. The main mine components include a wellfield and brine distribution system, production plant(s), SBDF, filtered waste storage facilities (FWSF), overhead transmission lines (‘OHTL’, two 23 km, 33 kV lines), and ancillary infrastructure (workers camp, , administration and support buildings, etc.). Existing infrastructure includes a 3000 ktpa LC projection-scale pilot plant (“Rincon 3000”) and airstrip, internal roads, and other facilities. The project's development is planned to follow a staged approach (stage 1 & stage 2), targeted to start production approximately one year apart. Early works related to Stage 1 construction commenced in Q3 2025, and first production is expected by Q1 2028. Stage 2 construction is targeted for mid-2027 and will start production in Q1 2029.