Open innovation in smart cities, design for successful innovation ecosystems - SMART 2015-0064.

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Smart city projects are often triggered by the need to upgrade 1 or more of the core infrastructures of a city/urban community: energy, water, transport, housing, etc. and a decision is made to enhance or replace an existing infrastructure with a smart infrastructure to improve the capacity of the city to efficiently plan and manage resources (in particular energy), enhance mobility and improve environmental conditions.Beyond these objectives, the promising potential of smart cities lays in the intelligent exploitation of the data collected and the new digital services they enable. This potential has long been explored at a theoretical level and presentations often emphasise the many secondary benefits to be derived by cities and local communities from the growing range of digital applications and services enabled at the more concrete level of the smart city project. However, this promising potential and the scope for open innovation as part of cities' strategies, are largely unexplored and underexploited. This study is expected to clarify and evidence the causes for this gap and the external factors at play.